Secondary Sources

THE ABOLITIONIST MOVEMENT

• Bordewich, Fergus M. Bound for Canaan: The Epic Story of the Underground Railroad, America's First Civil Rights Movement. HarperCollins, 2005.

• Carey, Brycchan and Geoffrey Plank, editors, Quakers and Abolition, University of Illinois Press, 2014.

• Carey, Brycchan. From Peace to Freedom: Quaker Rhetoric and the Birth of American Antislavery, 1657-1761. Yale University Press, 2012.

• Diemer, Andrew K. Vigilance: The Life of William Still, Father of the Underground Railroad. Knopf, 2022.

• Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington: University Press of America. 1982. 

• Greenburg, Michael M. This Noble Woman: Myrtilla Miner and Her Fight to Establish a School for African American Girls in the Slaveholding South. Chicago Review Press, 2018.

• Jordan, Ryan P. Slavery and the Meetinghouse: Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma, 1820–1865. Indiana University Press, 2007.

• McDaniel, W. Caleb. The Problem of Democracy in the Age of Slavery: Garrisonian Abolitionists & Transatlantic Reform. Louisiana State University Press, 2013. 

• Sinha, Manisha. The Slave's Cause: A History of Abolition. Yale University Press, 2016.

• Whitman, T. Stephen. Challenging Slavery in the Chesapeake: Black and White Resistance to Human Bondage, 1775-1865. Maryland Historical Society, 2007.

BALTIMORE & MARYLAND HISTORY

• Baker, Jean H. Ambivalent Americans: The Know-Nothing Party in Maryland. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1977.

• Chalfant, Randolph W. and Charles Belfoure. Niernsee and Neilson, Architects of Baltimore: Two Careers on the Edge of the Future. Baltimore Architect Foundation, 2006.

• Clayton, Ralph. Black Baltimore: 1820-1870. Heritage Books, 2011.

• Clayton, Ralph. Slavery, Slaveholding, and the Free Black Population of Antebellum Baltimore. Heritage Books, 1993.

• Crenson, Matthew A. Baltimore: A Political History. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017.

• Dilts, James D. The Great Road: The Building of the Baltimore and Ohio, the Nation's First Railroad, 1828-1853. Stanford University Press, 1996.

• Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass and Other Works. Canterbury Classics, 2014.

• Fields, Barbara Jeanne. Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground: Maryland During the Nineteenth Century. Yale University Press, 1987.

• Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington: University Press of America,1982. 

• Millward, Jessica. Finding Charity's Folk: Enslaved and Free Black Women in Maryland. University of Georgia Press, 2015. 

• Phillips, Christopher. Freedom’s Port: The African American Community of Baltimore, 1790-1860. University of Illinois Press, 1997.

• Rockman, Seth. Scraping By: Wage Labor, Slavery, and Survival in Early Baltimore. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.

• Stockett, Letitia. Baltimore: A Not Too Serious History. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997.

• Whitman, Stephen, "Diverse Good Causes: Manumission and the Transformation of Urban Slavery," Social Science History, Autumn, 1995, Vol. 19, No. 3 (Autumn, 1995), pp. 333-370.

• Whitman, T. Stephen. The Price of Freedom: Slavery and Manumission in Baltimore and Early National Maryland. University Press of Kentucky, 1997.

• Williams, Jennie K., "Trouble the water: The Baltimore to New Orleans Coastwise Slave Trade, 1820–1860," Slavery & Abolition, 41:2, 275-303, DOI: 10.1080/0144039X.2019.1660509, 2020.

CENSUS-TAKING & CENSUS HISTORY

• Anderson, Margo J. The American Census: A Social History. Yale University Press, 1988

• Paterson, David E., "The 1850 and 1860 Census, Schedule 2, Slave Inhabitants," AfriGeneas, https://www.afrigeneas.com/library/slave_schedule2.html. 

• Schor, Paul. Counting Americans: How the US Census Classified the Nation. Oxford University Press, 2017.

• Whitby, Andrew. The Sum of the People: How the Census Has Shaped Nations, from the Ancient World to the Modern Age. Basic Books, 2020.

THE COLONIZATION MOVEMENT & MARYLAND IN AFRICA

• Campbell, Penelope. Maryland in Africa: The Maryland State Colonization Society, 1831- 1857. University of Illinois Press, 1971.

• Hall, Richard L. On Afric's Shore: A History of Maryland in Liberia, 1834–1857. Maryland Historical Society, 2003.

• Phillips, Christopher. Freedom's Port: The African American Community of Baltimore, 1790-1860. University of Illinois Press, 1997.

HOPKINS FAMILY & JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY HISTORY

• Barnes, Robert. Colonial Families of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Colonial Roots Publishing, 2015.

• French, John Calvin. A History of The University Founded by Johns Hopkins. Johns Hopkins Press, 1946.

• Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington: University Press of America, 1982. 

• Hawkins, Hugh. Pioneer: A History of Johns Hopkins University 1874-1889. Cornell University Press, 1960.

• Hopkins, Gerard T. A Mission to the Indians, from the Indian Committee of Baltimore Yearly Meeting, to Fort Wayne, IN, 18O4. T. Ellwood Zell, 1862. With an Appendix by Martha Ellicott Tyson.

• Hurd, Henry M., MD, “Johns Hopkins and Some of His Contemporaries,” Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, No. 317, July 1917, p. 225-29.

• Mayer, Brantz. “Johns Hopkins.” Baltimore: Past and Present. Richardson & Bennett, 1871.

• Pietila, Antero. The Ghosts of Johns Hopkins: The Life and Legacy that Shaped an American City. Rowman & Littlefield, 2018.

• Schiszik, Lauren Emily, "Invisible in the ―Elysian  Fields: An Argument for the Inclusion of  Archaeological Resources in Clifton Park‘s Master Plan,' Master's Thesis for Degree in Historic Preservation, School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation, The  University  of Maryland, College  Park, 2010. 

• Thom, Helen Hopkins. Johns Hopkins: A Silhouette. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.

• Tyson, Johns S. Life of Elisha Tyson, the Philanthropist, by a Citizen of Baltimore. Benjamin Lundy Printing (Baltimore), 1825.

• Warfield, Joshua Dorsey. The Founders of Anne Arundel and Howard Counties, Maryland. A Genealogical and Biographical Review from Wills, Deeds and Church Records. Heritage Books, 2009.

• White, Miles, Jr., "Some Colonial Ancestors of Johns Hopkins," Southern History Association, vol. IV, no. 6, (1900).

QUAKER HISTORY

• Carey, Brycchan and Geoffrey Plank, editors, Quakers and Abolition, University of Illinois Press, 2014.

• Carey, Brycchan. From Peace to Freedom: Quaker Rhetoric and the Birth of American Antislavery, 1657-1761. Yale University Press, 2012.

• Crothers, A. Glenn. Quakers Living in the Lion's Mouth: The Society of Friends in Northern Virginia, 1730-1865. University Press of Florida, 2012.

• Forbush, Bliss. A History of Baltimore Yearly Meeting of Friends: 300 Years of Quakerism in Maryland, Virginia, the District of Columbia, and Central Pennsylvania. Baltimore Yearly Meeting of Friends, 1972.

• Gerbner, Katharine, "Antislavery in Print: The Germantown Protest, the ‘Exhortation,’ and the Seventeenth-Century Quaker Debate on Slavery," Early American Studies, 9 552-575, 2011.

• Graham, Leroy. Baltimore: The Nineteenth Century Black Capital. Washington: University Press of America, 1982. 

• Hickin, Patricia. "Gentle Agitator: Samuel M. Janney and the Antislavery Movement in Virginia 1842-1851." The Journal of Southern History, 37.2 (1971): 159-190.

• Jordan, Ryan P. Slavery and the Meetinghouse: Quakers and the Abolitionist Dilemma, 1820–1865. Indiana University Press, 2007.

• Kelly, J. Reaney. Quakers in the Founding of Anne Arundel County, Maryland. Baltimore: The Maryland Historical Society, 1963.

• Mallone, Barbara C., Jane Karkalits Bonny, and Nicholas B. Fesseden. Minute by Minute: A History of the Baltimore Monthly Meetings of Friends Homewood and Stony Run. Baltimore Monthly Meetings, 1992.

• Soderlund, Jean R. Quakers and Slavery: A Divided Spirit. Princeton University Press, 2014.

SLAVERY & ANTEBELLUM AMERICAN HISTORY

• Beckert, Sven, and Seth Rockman, eds. Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016.

• Berlin, Ira. The Long Emancipation: The Demise of Slavery in the United States. Harvard University Press, 2015.

• Berry, Daina Ramey. The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of The Enslaved, From Womb to Grave, In the Building of a Nation. Beacon Press, 2017.

• Blight, David W. Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom. Simon & Schuster, 2020.

• Ely, Melvin Patrick. Israel on the Appomattox: A Southern Experiment in Black Freedom from the 1790s through the Civil War. Vintage, 2010.

• Fields, Barbara Jeanne. Slavery and Freedom on the Middle Ground: Maryland During the Nineteenth Century. Yale University Press, 1987.

• Johnson, Michael P. and James L. Roark. Black Masters: A Free Family of Color in the Old South. W.W. Norton & Co., 1984.

• Jones, Martha. Birthright Citizens: A History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America. Cambridge University Press, 2018.

• Kulikoff, Allan. Tobacco and Slaves: The Development of Southern Cultures in the Chesapeake, 1680-1800. UNC Press Books, 2012.

• McFeely, William S. Frederick Douglass. W. W. Norton & Co., 1991.

• Millward, Jessica. Finding Charity's Folk: Enslaved and Free Black Women in Maryland. University of Georgia Press, 2015. 

• Morgan, Philip D. Slave Counterpoint: Black Culture in the Eighteenth-Century Chesapeake and Lowcountry. UNC Press Books, 1998.

• Schermerhorn, Calvin. Unrequited Toil: A History of United States Slavery. Cambridge University Press, 2018.

• Schermerhorn, Calvin. Money Over Mastery, Family Over Freedom: Slavery in the Antebellum Upper South. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011.

• Schermerhorn, Calvin. The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860. Yale University Press, 2015.

• Thomas, William G. A Question of Freedom: The Families Who Challenged Slavery from the Nation's Founding to the Civil War. Yale University Press, 2020.

• Whitman, T. Stephen. Challenging Slavery in the Chesapeake: Black and White Resistance to Human Bondage, 1775-1865. Maryland Historical Society, 2007.

BANKING, FINANCE & SLAVERY

• Baptist, Edward E. The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. Basic books, 2014.

• Beckert, Sven, and Seth Rockman, eds. Slavery's Capitalism: A New History of American Economic Development. University of Pennsylvania Press, 2016.

• Berry, Daina Ramey. The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of The Enslaved, From Womb to Grave, In the Building of a Nation. Beacon Press, 2017.

• Murphy, Sharon Ann. Investing in Life: Insurance in Antebellum America. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010.

• Murphy, Sharon Ann. Other People's Money: How Banking Worked in the Early American Republic. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2017.

• Schermerhorn, Calvin. The Business of Slavery and the Rise of American Capitalism, 1815–1860. Yale University Press, 2015.

UNIVERSITIES & SLAVERY

• Araujo, Ana Lucia. Slavery in the Age of Memory: Engaging the Past. Bloomsbury, 2021. 

• Harris, Leslie M.; James T. Campbell; and Alfred L. Brophy, eds. Slavery and the University: Histories and Legacies. University of Georgia Press, 2019. 

• Thomas, Rhondda Robinson. Call My Name, Clemson: Documenting the Black Experience in an American University Community. University of Iowa Press, 2020).

• Rothman, Adam and Elsa Barraza Mendoza, eds. Facing Georgetown’s History: A Reader on Slavery, Memory, and Reconciliation. Georgetown University Press, 2021. 

• Wilder, Craig Steven. Ebony and Ivy: Race, Slavery, and the Troubled History of America’s Universities. Bloomsbury, 2013. 

ONLINE SOURCES

• Quaker & Special Collections at Haverford College: https://www.haverford.edu/libraries/quaker-special-collections

• Friends Historical Library: https://www.swarthmore.edu/friends-historical-library 

• Quaker Meetings: https://quakermeetings.com

• Manumitted - The People Enslaved by Quakers: https://manumissions.haverford.edu/